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- <title>mod_auth_dbm - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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- <div id="page-content">
- <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_auth_dbm</h1>
- <div class="toplang">
- <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_auth_dbm.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
- </div>
- <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for user authentication using DBM
- files</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">ModuleáIdentifier:</a></th><td>auth_dbm_module</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">SourceáFile:</a></th><td>mod_auth_dbm.c</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available only in versions prior to 2.1</td></tr></table>
- <h3>Summary</h3>
-
- <p>This module provides for HTTP Basic Authentication, where
- the usernames and passwords are stored in DBM type database
- files. It is an alternative to the plain text password files
- provided by <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth.html">mod_auth</a></code>.</p>
- </div>
- <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
- <ul id="toc">
- <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbmauthoritative">AuthDBMAuthoritative</a></li>
- <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbmgroupfile">AuthDBMGroupFile</a></li>
- <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbmtype">AuthDBMType</a></li>
- <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#authdbmuserfile">AuthDBMUserFile</a></li>
- </ul>
- <h3>See also</h3>
- <ul class="seealso">
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#authname">AuthName</a></code></li>
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#authtype">AuthType</a></code></li>
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code></li>
- <li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#satisfy">Satisfy</a></code></li>
- </ul></div>
-
- <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
- <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBMAuthoritative" id="AuthDBMAuthoritative">AuthDBMAuthoritative</a> <a name="authdbmauthoritative" id="authdbmauthoritative">Directive</a></h2>
- <table class="directive">
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets whether authentication and authorization will be
- passwed on to lower level modules</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMAuthoritative On|Off</code></td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMAuthoritative On</code></td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_dbm</td></tr>
- </table>
- <p>Setting the <code class="directive">AuthDBMAuthoritative</code>
- directive explicitly to <code>Off</code> allows for both
- authentication and authorization to be passed on to lower level
- modules (as defined in the <code>modules.c</code> files) if there
- is <strong>no userID</strong> or <strong>rule</strong> matching the
- supplied userID. If there is a userID and/or rule specified; the
- usual password and access checks will be applied and a failure will
- give an "Authentication Required" reply.</p>
-
- <p>So if a userID appears in the database of more than one module;
- or if a valid <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#require">Require</a></code>
- directive applies to more than one module; then the first module
- will verify the credentials; and no access is passed on;
- regardless of the <code class="directive">AuthDBMAuthoritative</code>
- setting.</p>
-
- <p>A common use for this is in conjunction with one of the
- basic auth modules; such as <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_auth.html">mod_auth</a></code>. Whereas this
- DBM module supplies the bulk of the user credential checking; a
- few (administrator) related accesses fall through to a lower
- level with a well protected <code>.htpasswd</code> file.</p>
-
- <p>By default, control is not passed on and an unknown userID
- or rule will result in an "Authentication Required" reply. Not
- setting it thus keeps the system secure and forces an NCSA
- compliant behaviour.</p>
-
- <div class="warning"><h3>Security:</h3>
- <p>Do consider the implications of allowing a user to allow
- fall-through in his <code>.htaccess</code> file; and verify that this
- is really what you want; Generally it is easier to just secure
- a single <code>.htpasswd</code> file, than it is to secure a
- database which might have more access interfaces.</p>
- </div>
-
- </div>
- <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
- <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBMGroupFile" id="AuthDBMGroupFile">AuthDBMGroupFile</a> <a name="authdbmgroupfile" id="authdbmgroupfile">Directive</a></h2>
- <table class="directive">
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the name of the database file containing the list
- of user groups for authentication</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMGroupFile <var>file-path</var></code></td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_dbm</td></tr>
- </table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">AuthDBMGroupFile</code> directive sets the
- name of a DBM file containing the list of user groups for user
- authentication. <var>File-path</var> is the absolute path to the
- group file.</p>
-
- <p>The group file is keyed on the username. The value for a
- user is a comma-separated list of the groups to which the users
- belongs. There must be no whitespace within the value, and it
- must never contain any colons.</p>
-
- <p>Security: make sure that the
- <code class="directive">AuthDBMGroupFile</code> is stored outside the
- document tree of the web-server; do <em>not</em> put it in the
- directory that it protects. Otherwise, clients will be able to
- download the <code class="directive">AuthDBMGroupFile</code> unless
- otherwise protected.</p>
-
- <p>Combining Group and Password DBM files: In some cases it is
- easier to manage a single database which contains both the
- password and group details for each user. This simplifies any
- support programs that need to be written: they now only have to
- deal with writing to and locking a single DBM file. This can be
- accomplished by first setting the group and password files to
- point to the same DBM:</p>
-
- <div class="example"><p><code>
- AuthDBMGroupFile /www/userbase<br />
- AuthDBMUserFile /www/userbase
- </code></p></div>
-
- <p>The key for the single DBM is the username. The value consists
- of</p>
-
- <div class="example"><p><code>
- <var>Unix Crypt-ed Password</var>:<var>List of Groups</var>[:(ignored)]
- </code></p></div>
-
- <p>The password section contains the encrypted password as before.
- This is followed by a colon and the comma separated list of groups.
- Other data may optionally be left in the DBM file after another colon;
- it is ignored by the authentication module. This is what
- www.telescope.org uses for its combined password and group database.</p>
-
- </div>
- <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
- <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBMType" id="AuthDBMType">AuthDBMType</a> <a name="authdbmtype" id="authdbmtype">Directive</a></h2>
- <table class="directive">
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the type of database file that is used to
- store passwords</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMType default|SDBM|GDBM|NDBM|DB</code></td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMType default</code></td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_dbm</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.30 and later.</td></tr>
- </table>
- <p>Sets the type of database file that is used to store the passwords.
- The default database type is determined at compile time. The
- availability of other types of database files also depends on
- <a href="../install.html#dbm">compile-time settings</a>.</p>
-
- <p>It is crucial that whatever program you use to create your password
- files is configured to use the same type of database.</p>
-
- </div>
- <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
- <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AuthDBMUserFile" id="AuthDBMUserFile">AuthDBMUserFile</a> <a name="authdbmuserfile" id="authdbmuserfile">Directive</a></h2>
- <table class="directive">
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets thename of a database file containing the list of users and
- passwords for authentication</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AuthDBMUserFile <var>file-path</var></code></td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>AuthConfig</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Extension</td></tr>
- <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_auth_dbm</td></tr>
- </table>
- <p>The <code class="directive">AuthDBMUserFile</code> directive sets the
- name of a DBM file containing the list of users and passwords for
- user authentication. <var>File-path</var> is the absolute path to
- the user file.</p>
-
- <p>The user file is keyed on the username. The value for a user is
- the encrypted password, optionally followed by a colon and arbitrary
- data. The colon and the data following it will be ignored by the
- server.</p>
-
- <div class="warning"><h3>Security:</h3>
- <p>Make sure that the <code class="directive">AuthDBMUserFile</code> is stored
- outside the document tree of the web-server; do <em>not</em> put it in
- the directory that it protects. Otherwise, clients will be able to
- download the <code class="directive">AuthDBMUserFile</code>.</p>
- </div>
-
- <p>Important compatibility note: The implementation of
- "dbmopen" in the apache modules reads the string length of the
- hashed values from the DBM data structures, rather than relying
- upon the string being NULL-appended. Some applications, such as
- the Netscape web server, rely upon the string being
- NULL-appended, so if you are having trouble using DBM files
- interchangeably between applications this may be a part of the
- problem.</p>
-
- <p>A perl script called
- <a href="../programs/dbmmanage.html">dbmmanage</a> is included with
- Apache. This program can be used to create and update DBM
- format password files for use with this module.</p>
-
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="bottomlang">
- <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_auth_dbm.html" title="English"> en </a></p>
- </div><div id="footer">
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